TemplateApplicablev1.0.0

Full text of Articles 28 to 39

The full legal text of Chapter III, Section 4, in the public AI Act Explorer.

The official source remains authoritative. This is general information about obligations and not legal advice. See this object on the map

Address and citation

This object has an address of its own that is never renamed or reused. Store the identifier in your own file, not the title or the link.

Identifier: praxikon:eu:ai-act:template:article-28-39-legal-text
Payload hash (sha256): 2edf393dfa2fe74bf11228eb660a7444be2bfb03743c383af94184e0cb25b7e1

Citation line

Praxikon, "Full text of Articles 28 to 39", praxikon:eu:ai-act:template:article-28-39-legal-text@1.0.0, dataset praxikon:sys:registry:dataset:ai-act-implementation-graph 2.2.0 (schema 1.5.0), effective_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z, known_at 2026-09-06T00:00:00.000Z, sha256 2edf393dfa2fe74bf11228eb660a7444be2bfb03743c383af94184e0cb25b7e1

Version: 1.0.0
Legal time (effective_at): 2 August 2025
Knowledge time (known_at): 6 September 2026
Closed on: Not closed
Topics: conformity, governance, template

Review status: Editorially reviewed (6 September 2026). Next check due by 5 March 2027. The check date is the knowledge date of this version; no later recheck has been recorded.

What this object links to

Every relation appears below as a path: from the source with its locator, through the conditions and exceptions of the object carrying the relation, to the consequence. A locator belongs to a statement in the data and not to a relation, so the source is the source anchor of the carrying object.

The obligation this hangs off

1 of 1 shown

The object belongs to this obligation. The source line it hangs off sits there.

Source
This object carries no official fact of its own. The source line below sits on the obligation it hangs off; the link itself is recorded editorially.
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 28(1), (3) and (5); Article 29(1) and (2); Article 30(1), (2) and (4)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744
  Locator: Article 1, points (14) to (16), amending Articles 28, 29 and 30
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 31(1), (4), (5), (6), (8) and (11)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 32; Article 33(1) to (4)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 34(1) to (3); Article 35(1) and (2)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 36(3), (5), (6) and (9)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 37(1), (2) and (4); Article 38(1) to (3); Article 39
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
Via
No condition or exception recorded on this object.
Consequence
- ObligationArticles 28 to 39: notifying authorities and notified bodies
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:obligation:article-28-39-notified-bodies

What this object is about

1 of 1 shown

The object is about this role. Undifferentiated: it does not follow that the duty rests on this role.

Source
This object carries no official fact of its own. The source line below sits on the obligation it hangs off; the link itself is recorded editorially.
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 28(1), (3) and (5); Article 29(1) and (2); Article 30(1), (2) and (4)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744
  Locator: Article 1, points (14) to (16), amending Articles 28, 29 and 30
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 31(1), (4), (5), (6), (8) and (11)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 32; Article 33(1) to (4)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 34(1) to (3); Article 35(1) and (2)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 36(3), (5), (6) and (9)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 37(1), (2) and (4); Article 38(1) to (3); Article 39
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
Via
No condition or exception recorded on this object.
Consequence
- ActorProvider of an AI system
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:actor:provider

What points at this object

What this tool hangs off

1 of 1 shown

This is the public route a reader can actually use.

Source
Official fact on this object, with its locator.
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 28(1), (3) and (5); Article 29(1) and (2); Article 30(1), (2) and (4)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744
  Locator: Article 1, points (14) to (16), amending Articles 28, 29 and 30
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 31(1), (4), (5), (6), (8) and (11)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 32; Article 33(1) to (4)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 34(1) to (3); Article 35(1) and (2)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 36(3), (5), (6) and (9)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 37(1), (2) and (4); Article 38(1) to (3); Article 39
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
Via
- Condition | allPractically engaged as soon as a notified body comes into the picture for your system. Within Annex III that is, under Article 43(1), only for the biometrics of point 1, and then only along the Annex VII procedure. Within Annex I, Section A, it happens through the sectoral conformity assessment of Article 43(3). For the systems of points 2 to 8 of Annex III, which follow the internal control of Annex VI, no notified body is involved and this Section has no direct bearing on you. The Section itself has applied since 2 August 2025 and therefore well before the underlying high-risk obligations bite: the notification chain has to exist before there is anything to assess.
- Condition | allArticle 33(3) makes the agreement of the provider a condition for subcontracting: activities may be subcontracted or carried out by a subsidiary only with the agreement of the provider. That is a right you can exercise only if you ask about it, because the provision does not prescribe any active notice to you.
- ExceptionArticle 39 rules out a free choice of a foreign body. Only conformity assessment bodies established under the law of a third country with which the Union has concluded an agreement may be authorised to carry out the activities of notified bodies, and then only where they meet the requirements laid down in Article 31 or ensure an equivalent level of compliance.
- ExceptionThe presumption in Article 32 is narrow. A conformity assessment body is presumed to comply with the requirements of Article 31 in so far as the applicable harmonised standards cover those requirements and their references have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Without that publication the presumption does not operate, and it never reaches further than what the standard covers.
As long as this exception is not ruled out, the outcome stays conditional and you have to establish it yourself.
Relation recorded on: Articles 28 to 39: notifying authorities and notified bodies
Consequence
- ObligationArticles 28 to 39: notifying authorities and notified bodies
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:obligation:article-28-39-notified-bodies

When this applies

No condition recorded on this object.

When this does not apply

No exception recorded on this object.

Referring to this object

Citation block

Copy this reference into your advice, article or file. The identifier, the version and the hash keep the statement findable later, even once the dataset has moved on.

Reference

Praxikon, "Full text of Articles 28 to 39",
praxikon:eu:ai-act:template:article-28-39-legal-text@1.0.0,
dataset praxikon:sys:registry:dataset:ai-act-implementation-graph 2.2.0 (schema 1.5.0),
effective_at 2025-08-02T00:00:00.000Z, known_at 2026-09-06T00:00:00.000Z,
sha256 2edf393dfa2fe74bf11228eb660a7444be2bfb03743c383af94184e0cb25b7e1,
https://www.praxikon.com/en/verkenner/template/article-28-39-legal-text
(https://www.praxikon.com/api/v1/entities?id=praxikon%3Aeu%3Aai-act%3Atemplate%3Aarticle-28-39-legal-text&effective_at=2025-08-02&known_at=2026-09-06&lang=en, accessed 2026-09-21)

Short form

praxikon:eu:ai-act:template:article-28-39-legal-text@1.0.0 (sha256 2edf393d)

BibTeX

@misc{praxikon-eu-ai-act-template-article-28-39-legal-text-1-0-0,
  author       = {{Praxikon}},
  title        = {Full text of Articles 28 to 39},
  year         = {2026},
  version      = {1.0.0},
  number       = {praxikon:eu:ai-act:template:article-28-39-legal-text},
  howpublished = {AI Act Change \& Evidence Graph, dataset 2.2.0, schema 1.5.0},
  note         = {effective_at 2025-08-02T00:00:00.000Z; known_at 2026-09-06T00:00:00.000Z; sha256 2edf393dfa2fe74bf11228eb660a7444be2bfb03743c383af94184e0cb25b7e1},
  url          = {https://www.praxikon.com/en/verkenner/template/article-28-39-legal-text},
  urldate      = {2026-09-21},
  language     = {en}
}

CSL JSON

[
  {
    "id": "praxikon:eu:ai-act:template:article-28-39-legal-text@1.0.0",
    "type": "dataset",
    "title": "Full text of Articles 28 to 39",
    "container-title": "AI Act Change & Evidence Graph",
    "publisher": "Praxikon",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "number": "praxikon:eu:ai-act:template:article-28-39-legal-text",
    "URL": "https://www.praxikon.com/en/verkenner/template/article-28-39-legal-text",
    "language": "en",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          6
        ]
      ]
    },
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          21
        ]
      ]
    },
    "note": "dataset praxikon:sys:registry:dataset:ai-act-implementation-graph 2.2.0; schema 1.5.0; effective_at 2025-08-02T00:00:00.000Z; known_at 2026-09-06T00:00:00.000Z; sha256 2edf393dfa2fe74bf11228eb660a7444be2bfb03743c383af94184e0cb25b7e1; retrieved_from https://www.praxikon.com/api/v1/entities?id=praxikon%3Aeu%3Aai-act%3Atemplate%3Aarticle-28-39-legal-text&effective_at=2025-08-02&known_at=2026-09-06&lang=en; licence https://www.praxikon.com/nl/legal/terms"
  }
]

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