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ActionApplicablev1.0.0

Justify and record your reliance on Article 4a

Only for those who themselves decide to process special categories of personal data for bias testing. In that case record which paragraph of Article 4a you rely on and whether that paragraph is open to your role, why other data do not suffice, which safeguards apply, who has access and when the data are deleted. Replace old references to Article 10(5) while you are there.

The official source remains authoritative. This is general information about obligations and not legal advice. See this object on the map

Address and citation

This object has an address of its own that is never renamed or reused. Store the identifier in your own file, not the title or the link.

Identifier
praxikon:eu:ai-act:action:record-bias-testing-legal-basis
Payload hash (sha256)
b55a1476df5655c40a73f8fa334e80c3ed68ee44e4e178678829be3142ba58fc

Citation line

Praxikon, "Justify and record your reliance on Article 4a", praxikon:eu:ai-act:action:record-bias-testing-legal-basis@1.0.0, dataset praxikon:sys:registry:dataset:ai-act-implementation-graph 2.2.0 (schema 1.5.0), effective_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z, known_at 2026-09-06T00:00:00.000Z, sha256 b55a1476df5655c40a73f8fa334e80c3ed68ee44e4e178678829be3142ba58fc
Version
1.0.0
Legal time (effective_at)
27 July 2026
Knowledge time (known_at)
14 August 2026
Closed on
Not closed
Topics
fundamental-rights, high-risk-requirements

Review status: Editorially reviewed (14 August 2026). Next check due by 10 February 2027. The check date is the knowledge date of this version; no later recheck has been recorded.

What this object links to

Every relation appears below as a path: from the source with its locator, through the conditions and exceptions of the object carrying the relation, to the consequence. A locator belongs to a statement in the data and not to a relation, so the source is the source anchor of the carrying object.

The obligation this hangs off

1 of 1 shown

The object belongs to this obligation. The source line it hangs off sits there.

  1. Source

    This object carries no official fact of its own. The source line below sits on the obligation it hangs off; the link itself is recorded editorially.

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Article 1, point 6, inserting Article 4a: Article 4a(1), points (a) to (f), and Article 4a(2), points (a) and (b)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Article 1, point 6 (insertion) and point 9 (Article 10 amended, paragraph 5 deleted)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Article 1, point 2(b), replacing Article 2(7)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Recital 9, Article 4 (entry into force) and Article 1, point 40(a), replacing Article 113, third paragraph, point (a)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    Via

    • Condition | allRelevant only where you actually rely on Article 4a. In that case to be recorded before the processing starts, together with the data protection impact assessment, and to be revisited on every change to the purpose, the dataset or the set of people with access.

    Consequence

What this object is about

3 of 3 shown

The object is about this role. Undifferentiated: it does not follow that the duty rests on this role.

  1. Source

    This object carries no official fact of its own. The source line below sits on the obligation it hangs off; the link itself is recorded editorially.

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Article 1, point 6, inserting Article 4a: Article 4a(1), points (a) to (f), and Article 4a(2), points (a) and (b)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Article 1, point 6 (insertion) and point 9 (Article 10 amended, paragraph 5 deleted)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Article 1, point 2(b), replacing Article 2(7)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Recital 9, Article 4 (entry into force) and Article 1, point 40(a), replacing Article 113, third paragraph, point (a)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    Via

    • Condition | allRelevant only where you actually rely on Article 4a. In that case to be recorded before the processing starts, together with the data protection impact assessment, and to be revisited on every change to the purpose, the dataset or the set of people with access.

    Consequence

What points at this object

Where this action comes from

2 of 2 shown

This is what concretely has to be done under the obligation.

  1. Source

    Official fact on this object, with its locator.

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Article 1, point 6 (insertion) and point 9 (Article 10 amended, paragraph 5 deleted)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    Via

    No condition or exception recorded on this object.

    Relation recorded on: Article 4a inserted, Article 10(5) deleted

    Consequence

  2. Source

    Official fact on this object, with its locator.

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Article 1, point 6, inserting Article 4a: Article 4a(1), points (a) to (f), and Article 4a(2), points (a) and (b)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Article 1, point 6 (insertion) and point 9 (Article 10 amended, paragraph 5 deleted)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Article 1, point 2(b), replacing Article 2(7)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    • Digital Omnibus on AI 2026/1744

      Locator: Recital 9, Article 4 (entry into force) and Article 1, point 40(a), replacing Article 113, third paragraph, point (a)

      praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2026-1744

      Open official source

    Via

    • Condition | allParagraph 1 is open only to the provider of a high-risk AI system, and only to the extent that the processing is strictly necessary to detect and correct bias in accordance with Article 10(2), points (f) and (g). The deployer cannot rely on this paragraph, not even for a high-risk system; for the deployer the route runs through paragraph 2.
    • Condition | allParagraph 2 is open to providers and deployers of other AI systems and models and to deployers of high-risk AI systems, but carries its own substantive threshold: the processing must be strictly necessary in view of possible biases that are likely to affect the health and safety of persons, have a negative impact on fundamental rights or lead to discrimination prohibited under Union law, especially where data outputs influence inputs for future operations. Bias without one of those consequences falls outside it.
    • Condition | allThe six conditions in paragraph 1 are cumulative and, through paragraph 2, point (b), apply to the wider circle as well: (a) other data, including synthetic or anonymised data, demonstrably do not suffice; (b) technical limitations on re-use apply plus state of the art security and privacy preserving measures, including pseudonymisation; (c) there is strict access control with documentation and confidentiality; (d) the data are not transmitted, transferred or otherwise accessed by other parties; (e) they are deleted once the bias has been corrected or the retention period ends, whichever comes first; (f) the record of processing activities states why the processing was strictly necessary and why the objective could not be achieved with other data.
    • ExceptionParagraph 2 closes by providing that it creates no obligation to carry out bias detection and correction. Article 4a is therefore a basis and not an instruction: without carrying out such processing there is nothing to comply with under this article, there is no date by which anything must be done, and outside the purpose of bias detection and correction it grants no room at all.

    As long as this exception is not ruled out, the outcome stays conditional and you have to establish it yourself.

    Relation recorded on: Article 4a: legal basis for bias testing with special categories of personal data

    Consequence

When this applies

  1. 1Relevant only where you actually rely on Article 4a. In that case to be recorded before the processing starts, together with the data protection impact assessment, and to be revisited on every change to the purpose, the dataset or the set of people with access.

When this does not apply

No exception recorded on this object.

Referring to this object

Citation block

Copy this reference into your advice, article or file. The identifier, the version and the hash keep the statement findable later, even once the dataset has moved on.

Reference

Praxikon, "Justify and record your reliance on Article 4a",
praxikon:eu:ai-act:action:record-bias-testing-legal-basis@1.0.0,
dataset praxikon:sys:registry:dataset:ai-act-implementation-graph 2.2.0 (schema 1.5.0),
effective_at 2026-07-27T00:00:00.000Z, known_at 2026-08-14T00:00:00.000Z,
sha256 b55a1476df5655c40a73f8fa334e80c3ed68ee44e4e178678829be3142ba58fc,
https://www.praxikon.com/en/verkenner/action/record-bias-testing-legal-basis
(https://www.praxikon.com/api/v1/entities?id=praxikon%3Aeu%3Aai-act%3Aaction%3Arecord-bias-testing-legal-basis&effective_at=2026-07-27&known_at=2026-08-14&lang=en, accessed 2026-09-21)

Short form

praxikon:eu:ai-act:action:record-bias-testing-legal-basis@1.0.0 (sha256 b55a1476)

BibTeX

@misc{praxikon-eu-ai-act-action-record-bias-testing-legal-basis-1-0-0,
  author       = {{Praxikon}},
  title        = {Justify and record your reliance on Article 4a},
  year         = {2026},
  version      = {1.0.0},
  number       = {praxikon:eu:ai-act:action:record-bias-testing-legal-basis},
  howpublished = {AI Act Change \& Evidence Graph, dataset 2.2.0, schema 1.5.0},
  note         = {effective_at 2026-07-27T00:00:00.000Z; known_at 2026-08-14T00:00:00.000Z; sha256 b55a1476df5655c40a73f8fa334e80c3ed68ee44e4e178678829be3142ba58fc},
  url          = {https://www.praxikon.com/en/verkenner/action/record-bias-testing-legal-basis},
  urldate      = {2026-09-21},
  language     = {en}
}

CSL JSON

[
  {
    "id": "praxikon:eu:ai-act:action:record-bias-testing-legal-basis@1.0.0",
    "type": "dataset",
    "title": "Justify and record your reliance on Article 4a",
    "container-title": "AI Act Change & Evidence Graph",
    "publisher": "Praxikon",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "number": "praxikon:eu:ai-act:action:record-bias-testing-legal-basis",
    "URL": "https://www.praxikon.com/en/verkenner/action/record-bias-testing-legal-basis",
    "language": "en",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          8,
          14
        ]
      ]
    },
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          9,
          21
        ]
      ]
    },
    "note": "dataset praxikon:sys:registry:dataset:ai-act-implementation-graph 2.2.0; schema 1.5.0; effective_at 2026-07-27T00:00:00.000Z; known_at 2026-08-14T00:00:00.000Z; sha256 b55a1476df5655c40a73f8fa334e80c3ed68ee44e4e178678829be3142ba58fc; retrieved_from https://www.praxikon.com/api/v1/entities?id=praxikon%3Aeu%3Aai-act%3Aaction%3Arecord-bias-testing-legal-basis&effective_at=2026-07-27&known_at=2026-08-14&lang=en; licence https://www.praxikon.com/nl/legal/terms"
  }
]

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