DefinitionIn forcev1.0.0

Systemic risk

A concept that applies exclusively to GPAI models, and that is unrelated to the high-risk classification of AI systems.

The official source remains authoritative. This is general information about obligations and not legal advice. See this object on the map

Address and citation

This object has an address of its own that is never renamed or reused. Store the identifier in your own file, not the title or the link.

Identifier: praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-systeemrisico
Payload hash (sha256): c8c6caf33ae18fc4a6b0088d737650a27551b660acde096bddbd180a4584802f

Citation line

Praxikon, "Systemic risk", praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-systeemrisico@1.0.0, dataset praxikon:sys:registry:dataset:ai-act-implementation-graph 2.1.0 (schema 1.4.0), effective_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z, known_at 2026-08-14T00:00:00.000Z, sha256 c8c6caf33ae18fc4a6b0088d737650a27551b660acde096bddbd180a4584802f

Version: 1.0.0
Legal time (effective_at): 8 August 2026
Knowledge time (known_at): 8 August 2026
Closed on: Not closed
Application date: 2 February 2025
Topics: definitions

Review status: Placed against the official source (8 August 2026). Next check due by 4 February 2027. The check date is the knowledge date of this version; no later recheck has been recorded.

What this object links to

Every relation appears below as a path: from the source with its locator, through the conditions and exceptions of the object carrying the relation, to the consequence. A locator belongs to a statement in the data and not to a relation, so the source is the source anchor of the carrying object.

What this object is about

3 of 3 shown

The object is about this role. Undifferentiated: it does not follow that the duty rests on this role.

Source
Official fact on this object, with its locator.
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 3(64)-(65), Article 51(1)-(2)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
Via
No condition or exception recorded on this object.
Consequence
- ActorDeployer
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:actor:deployer
- ActorProvider of a GPAI model
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:actor:gpai-model-provider
- ActorProvider of an AI system
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:actor:provider

What this object states

Official fact

Attributable to a named primary source, with a locator. Where they differ, the official source prevails.

Article 3(65) defines systemic risk as a risk specific to the high-impact capabilities of general-purpose AI models, having a significant impact on the Union market due to their reach, or due to actual or reasonably foreseeable negative effects on public health, safety, public security, fundamental rights, or society as a whole, that can be propagated at scale across the value chain. Point 64 defines high-impact capabilities as capabilities that match or exceed the capabilities recorded in the most advanced general-purpose AI models. Article 51(2) provides that a model is presumed to have such capabilities when the cumulative amount of computation used for its training, measured in floating point operations, is greater than 10 to the power of 25.
- Locator: Article 3(64)-(65), Article 51(1)-(2)praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689Open official source

Our interpretation

Our own reading. It can change without the law changing, and it is not the position of a supervisory authority.

Systemic risk is often used in conversation as a synonym for high risk, and sometimes, borrowed from the financial sector, as a synonym for systemic importance. Both are wrong. Under this Regulation systemic risk is exclusively a qualification of a general-purpose AI model, never of an AI system and never of an organisation. A second misconception is that the threshold of 10 to the power of 25 floating point operations is the definition. It is not: that threshold sits in Article 51(2) and operates as a presumption, while under Article 51(1)(b) the Commission may also classify a model, on its own initiative or following a qualified alert from the scientific panel, where it has capabilities or an impact equivalent to those in point (a), having regard to the criteria in Annex XIII. For virtually every organisation this concept concerns their supplier rather than themselves; the relevant question is then which model you use and what the provider documents about it.
- Locator: Article 3(64)-(65), Article 51(1)-(2)praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689Open official source

Recommended step

A practical step we consider appropriate. Not an obligation following from the Regulation.

Record per AI application which underlying GPAI model is used and whether the provider designates that model as one with systemic risk, and keep the documentation or model card on which you base that. Use this information in supplier conversations rather than as your own classification, because the qualification belongs to the model provider.
- Locator: Article 3(64)-(65), Article 51(1)-(2)praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689Open official source

When this applies

No condition recorded on this object.

When this does not apply

No exception recorded on this object.

Referring to this object

Citation block

Copy this reference into your advice, article or file. The identifier, the version and the hash keep the statement findable later, even once the dataset has moved on.

Reference

Praxikon, "Systemic risk",
praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-systeemrisico@1.0.0,
dataset praxikon:sys:registry:dataset:ai-act-implementation-graph 2.1.0 (schema 1.4.0),
effective_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z, known_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z,
sha256 c8c6caf33ae18fc4a6b0088d737650a27551b660acde096bddbd180a4584802f,
https://www.praxikon.com/en/verkenner/definition/definitie-systeemrisico
(https://www.praxikon.com/api/v1/entities?id=praxikon%3Aeu%3Aai-act%3Adefinition%3Adefinitie-systeemrisico&effective_at=2026-08-08&known_at=2026-08-08&lang=en, accessed 2026-08-25)

Short form

praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-systeemrisico@1.0.0 (sha256 c8c6caf3)

BibTeX

@misc{praxikon-eu-ai-act-definition-definitie-systeemrisico-1-0-0,
  author       = {{Praxikon}},
  title        = {Systemic risk},
  year         = {2026},
  version      = {1.0.0},
  number       = {praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-systeemrisico},
  howpublished = {AI Act Change \& Evidence Graph, dataset 2.1.0, schema 1.4.0},
  note         = {effective_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z; known_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z; sha256 c8c6caf33ae18fc4a6b0088d737650a27551b660acde096bddbd180a4584802f},
  url          = {https://www.praxikon.com/en/verkenner/definition/definitie-systeemrisico},
  urldate      = {2026-08-25},
  language     = {en}
}

CSL JSON

[
  {
    "id": "praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-systeemrisico@1.0.0",
    "type": "dataset",
    "title": "Systemic risk",
    "container-title": "AI Act Change & Evidence Graph",
    "publisher": "Praxikon",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "number": "praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-systeemrisico",
    "URL": "https://www.praxikon.com/en/verkenner/definition/definitie-systeemrisico",
    "language": "en",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          8,
          8
        ]
      ]
    },
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          8,
          25
        ]
      ]
    },
    "note": "dataset praxikon:sys:registry:dataset:ai-act-implementation-graph 2.1.0; schema 1.4.0; effective_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z; known_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z; sha256 c8c6caf33ae18fc4a6b0088d737650a27551b660acde096bddbd180a4584802f; retrieved_from https://www.praxikon.com/api/v1/entities?id=praxikon%3Aeu%3Aai-act%3Adefinition%3Adefinitie-systeemrisico&effective_at=2026-08-08&known_at=2026-08-08&lang=en; licence https://www.praxikon.com/nl/legal/terms"
  }
]

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