Article 51 of 11345%
Article 51: Classification of general-purpose AI models as general-purpose AI models with systemic risk
Praxikon tracks Article 51 (Classification of general-purpose AI models as general-purpose AI models with systemic risk) under the EU AI Act, citing the source for every statement.
EU Official:
ActiveApplies since 2 Aug 2025
Title V: General-Purpose AI Models
Article 51 states that a GPAI model is classified as systemic risk if it has high impact capabilities (evaluated with benchmarks) or if the Commission decides so based on criteria such as number of users.
Official text
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Source: EUR-Lex, Regulation (EU) 2024/1689. Text reproduced verbatim.
Download AI Act (PDF) →Official guidance on this article
3- Guidelines on the scope of obligations for providers of general-purpose AI models under the AI ActExplains when a model is designated as a system-level risk model and how notification to the Commission proceeds.PublishedGuidelinesEuropean Commission18 Jul 2025
- Guidelines on obligations for General-Purpose AI providers - Questions & AnswersClarifies the computational thresholds above which a presumption of systemic risk arisesPublishedQ&AEuropean Commission, DG CONNECT11 Nov 2025
- General-Purpose AI Models in the AI Act - Questions & AnswersClarifies when a model is designated as a model with systemic risk and what computational threshold provides the starting pointPublishedQ&AEuropean Commission, DG CONNECT9 Sept 2025
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Frequently asked questions
When is a GPAI model classified as systemic risk under Article 51?+
Article 51 states that a GPAI model is classified as systemic risk if it has high impact capabilities (evaluated with benchmarks) or if the Commission decides so based on criteria such as number of users.
What is the threshold for systemic risk classification?+
A GPAI model is presumed to have systemic risk when the cumulative compute used for training exceeds 10^25 FLOPS. The Commission may update this threshold.
What documentation does Article 51 of the AI Act require?+
Article 51 of the AI Act requires that relevant documentation is maintained as part of the compliance process. This may include technical documentation, instructions for use, logs or declarations of conformity, depending on the classification of the AI system.