DefinitionIn forcev1.0.0

Deployer

The role that virtually every organisation buying and using AI ends up in.

The official source remains authoritative. This is general information about obligations and not legal advice. See this object on the map

Address and citation

This object has an address of its own that is never renamed or reused. Store the identifier in your own file, not the title or the link.

Identifier: praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke
Payload hash (sha256): 0e873b1862c2479a06c94ff9d198956c2f1ad38bdcc68dc41fb3f573f8f25e81

Citation line

Praxikon, "Deployer", praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke@1.0.0, dataset praxikon:sys:registry:dataset:ai-act-implementation-graph 2.1.0 (schema 1.4.0), effective_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z, known_at 2026-08-14T00:00:00.000Z, sha256 0e873b1862c2479a06c94ff9d198956c2f1ad38bdcc68dc41fb3f573f8f25e81

Version: 1.0.0
Legal time (effective_at): 8 August 2026
Knowledge time (known_at): 8 August 2026
Closed on: Not closed
Application date: 2 February 2025
Topics: definitions

Review status: Placed against the official source (8 August 2026). Next check due by 4 February 2027. The check date is the knowledge date of this version; no later recheck has been recorded.

What this object links to

Every relation appears below as a path: from the source with its locator, through the conditions and exceptions of the object carrying the relation, to the consequence. A locator belongs to a statement in the data and not to a relation, so the source is the source anchor of the carrying object.

What this object is about

4 of 4 shown

The object is about this role. Undifferentiated: it does not follow that the duty rests on this role.

Source
Official fact on this object, with its locator.
- EU Artificial Intelligence Act 2024/1689
  Locator: Article 3(4)
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689
  Open official source
Via
- ExceptionUse in the course of a personal non-professional activity falls outside the definition.
As long as this exception is not ruled out, the outcome stays conditional and you have to establish it yourself.
Consequence
- ActorCredit or insurance deployer
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:actor:credit-or-insurance-deployer
- ActorDeployer
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:actor:deployer
- ActorBody governed by public law
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:actor:public-law-body
- ActorPrivate provider of public services
  praxikon:eu:ai-act:actor:public-service-provider

What this object states

Official fact

Attributable to a named primary source, with a locator. Where they differ, the official source prevails.

Article 3(4) defines a deployer as a natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body using an AI system under its authority, except where the AI system is used in the course of a personal non-professional activity.
- Locator: Article 3(4)praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689Open official source

Our interpretation

Our own reading. It can change without the law changing, and it is not the position of a supervisory authority.

The role is routinely reduced to user, and that is where it goes wrong. The individual employee operating the tool is not the deployer; the legal entity using the system under its authority is. The second trap is the exception: it covers only personal non-professional use. An employee who takes up an AI tool on their own initiative for work does not fall under that exception, and the organisation remains the deployer even without a procurement contract. Shadow AI is therefore not a grey area but simply an unregistered system.
- Locator: Article 3(4)praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689Open official source

Recommended step

A practical step we consider appropriate. Not an obligation following from the Regulation.

Record per system which legal entity uses it under its authority, including tools a department procured itself or switched on within an existing licence. Add a periodic inventory of AI features that vendors have activated inside existing software, because those rarely arrive through procurement.
- Locator: Article 3(4)praxikon:eu:ai-act:source:reg-eu-2024-1689Open official source

When this applies

No condition recorded on this object.

When this does not apply

Use in the course of a personal non-professional activity falls outside the definition.

Referring to this object

Citation block

Copy this reference into your advice, article or file. The identifier, the version and the hash keep the statement findable later, even once the dataset has moved on.

Reference

Praxikon, "Deployer",
praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke@1.0.0,
dataset praxikon:sys:registry:dataset:ai-act-implementation-graph 2.1.0 (schema 1.4.0),
effective_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z, known_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z,
sha256 0e873b1862c2479a06c94ff9d198956c2f1ad38bdcc68dc41fb3f573f8f25e81,
https://www.praxikon.com/en/verkenner/definition/definitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke
(https://www.praxikon.com/api/v1/entities?id=praxikon%3Aeu%3Aai-act%3Adefinition%3Adefinitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke&effective_at=2026-08-08&known_at=2026-08-08&lang=en, accessed 2026-08-23)

Short form

praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke@1.0.0 (sha256 0e873b18)

BibTeX

@misc{praxikon-eu-ai-act-definition-definitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke-1-0-0,
  author       = {{Praxikon}},
  title        = {Deployer},
  year         = {2026},
  version      = {1.0.0},
  number       = {praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke},
  howpublished = {AI Act Change \& Evidence Graph, dataset 2.1.0, schema 1.4.0},
  note         = {effective_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z; known_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z; sha256 0e873b1862c2479a06c94ff9d198956c2f1ad38bdcc68dc41fb3f573f8f25e81},
  url          = {https://www.praxikon.com/en/verkenner/definition/definitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke},
  urldate      = {2026-08-23},
  language     = {en}
}

CSL JSON

[
  {
    "id": "praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke@1.0.0",
    "type": "dataset",
    "title": "Deployer",
    "container-title": "AI Act Change & Evidence Graph",
    "publisher": "Praxikon",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "number": "praxikon:eu:ai-act:definition:definitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke",
    "URL": "https://www.praxikon.com/en/verkenner/definition/definitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke",
    "language": "en",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          8,
          8
        ]
      ]
    },
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          8,
          23
        ]
      ]
    },
    "note": "dataset praxikon:sys:registry:dataset:ai-act-implementation-graph 2.1.0; schema 1.4.0; effective_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z; known_at 2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z; sha256 0e873b1862c2479a06c94ff9d198956c2f1ad38bdcc68dc41fb3f573f8f25e81; retrieved_from https://www.praxikon.com/api/v1/entities?id=praxikon%3Aeu%3Aai-act%3Adefinition%3Adefinitie-gebruiksverantwoordelijke&effective_at=2026-08-08&known_at=2026-08-08&lang=en; licence https://www.praxikon.com/nl/legal/terms"
  }
]

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